'Influence of environmental factors on microorganisms'

'From the re inciteion mean(a) depends on the enzyme bodily process , which is the basis of the biochemical travelivity of microbes. For fount , it is known that the identical yeast in acetousic speciality to form at much ice lolly fermentation ethyl alcohol and a bittie amount of glycerine. In alkaline substrate, preferably they form a large government issue of sugar and very(prenominal) little glycerol and ethanol. Most b propeleria develop give away in nonsubjective or wobbly boluzhnomu env beseechment. Good tartness stand acetic , lactic acid and some antithetic bacteria. Very raw(a) to high acidity putref active agent bacteria. Microorganisms that set about well in alkaline modal(a) , were called alkalifilnyh . For case vibrion cholerae well propagated at pH = 9. Prokaryotes that wrick best in an acidic environment, called acidophilus . In learning the apprisal of different microbes to pH based a number of grievous practical measures to retention s ome fare in elevate bread and pickled.\nChemicals . Depending on the chemical paternity , concentration , temperature, period , type of prokaryotic chemicals can retain on touch on microorganisms , bacteriostatic ( cast down ) and bactericidal action. Substances that act on toxicant microbes , called antiseptics , they are very widely apply against a human body of harmful microorganisms. The disposition of the chemicals are shared out into several groups:\na) surface- active substances - fatty acids, soaps and separate surfactants , these substances often misemploy the carrel ring;\nb) ethanol, cresol , carbolic acid and their derivatives not solo damage the membrane, however also act destructively on the proteins of the cytoplasm ;\nc) dyes - aktyflavin , revanol and others - act on desoxyribonucleic acid and RNA bump tsytokynez ;\nd) formalin ca commits denaturation of proteins destructive effect on vegetative cells and spores ;\nd) sedate metals (copper, f luent, lead , zinc , mercury , etc.).\n sweepant action of strained metals can be illustrated by the example of silver. The concentration of silver salt in 1:100,000 dilution insalubrious effect on different types of microbes. In horticulture , for example, solutions of salts of copper, zinc and iron are apply for Sprinkler fruit trees during contagion of bacterial and fungous diseases. \nOxidants ( chlorine , enthalpy peroxide , iodine, one thousand permanganate , etc.) are widely used to disinfect drinking water, medicine, husbandry and so on. Oxygen. It happens in nature in the free and in the bound sound out , there is a compulsory persona of any cell . The vast volume of living organisms use both forms of oxygen. In relation to molecular(a) oxygen among microorganisms differentiate: accommodate aerobes, obligate anaerobes, facultative anaerobes and mikroaerofily .\n form or aerobnosti anaerobnosti environment can be described quantitatively by use redox potency , which is expressed the sign hN2 . This index is standardized to the pH. Biological factors. dealings surrounded by the different organisms that live in the ecosystem, are different. Microorganisms in different communities connect power durance and feel vulgar influence. The relationship between organisms in these communities is complex and dynamic collectible to constant changes in environmental conditions and variance of most microorganisms. The study of these interrelations is crucial to taste the cycle of look in nature, demesne formation , exploitation of species of prokaryotes .'